Worldwide, pipelines have become the most economic and desirable mode of transport for petroleum and petroleum products. This is evident from an already existing network of our 1.5 million km of pipelines used in the world (ElL 1993). In India, the era of pipeline transportation began in the early sixties and has since expanded rapidly. Presently, there is a 7800 km network of pipelines in the country for transporting crude, natural gas and refined petroleum products. Pipelines have obviously become a superior mode of transportation since these involve lower cost of transportation, conservation of fossil fuels, minimum product loss during transit, least pollution of air and land and lead to mitigation of pressures on our rail and road transport systems. Having said so, admittedly the laying and operation of pipelines will have impacts on environmental values. Yet pipeline projects can be enabled to substantially mitigate such impacts and thereby become more environment friendly. This would require that environmental concerns are given due consideration at the conceptual and planning phases of such projects. Most of these environmental concerns arise from choice of route, construction technology, pipeline design and activities associated with construction phase and post construction operation, maintenance and monitoring.